Electrical Power Transmission And Distribution System
Primary Discussion -:
Electrical power transmission and distribution systems are mainly based on 3 things. These are- power generation or generation, power transmission or transmission, and power distribution, i.e., power is being generated first. Arrangements are being made to send it far and wide. Eventually, one of the systems is being used to make them usable.
The whole process:
Let's talk about our country. From the place where the power is being generated, there is always a vault of 11 kilos. If we want to send it all over the country or somewhere far away, if we ship it at only 11 kilovolts, we will not be able to get electricity even if the engineers with electrical engineering are sitting with sacks full of electricity in their hands. For this, it is taken up once before sending. It should be noted here that this 11-kilovolt power is stepped up to 132 or 230 or 400 kilovolts for some special reasons.
Then it is passed through the transmission line far away. Now suppose there is a need to connect that electricity in one place. So to make the connection there, the line is again stepped down from 132/230/400 kV to 11 kV. This time, if it is a big mill or an industrial establishment, then there is a direct line of 11 kilovolts for use. Then they use it by reducing or increasing it. Well then let's come home what happens? Very simple matter. This time it is expected to step down that 11 kilovolts again to 0.44 kilovolt or 440 volts. And it is sent to any buyer of the house or six. From there it is used by transforming it into 220-240 volts as required.
Companies with electrical power transmission and distribution systems do these things efficiently. Only one company can do so much hard and complex work alone. To do this whole process properly, many companies have to work together. E.g., Bangladesh Power Development Board -
Bangladesh Power Development Board. In other words, they are the only ones in Bangladesh who generate electricity from anywhere. No other company can do that. PGCB - Power Grid Company Bangladesh - Power Grid Company Bangladesh. They are the only ones who transmit power all over Bangladesh. This means their main job is to send electricity from one place to another.
Electrical Power Transmission and Distribution System -
Distribution:
Now let's see how we, the common consumers, get electricity from this transmission line. Several organizations work for this. E.g.
Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited They cover only Dhaka Zone.
They cannot give lines to any person or organization outside Dhaka. This company provides power supplies all over Dhaka.
BPDB, Reb: Their job is to cover the whole of Bangladesh. Each company is their smallest
Divides their territory into sub-zones. This makes their work easier.
Transmission line:
There are two main types of transmission lines.
1. Overhead.
2. Underground.
Oder Head Transmission Line:
When we go to the village house or look away while traveling, we see that many big towers are located in the middle of the field. With it, a lot of ground is attached to it. These are basically called overhead transmission lines. Some of the problems with this process are both beneficial. E.g.-
Difficulty:
These are spread over many places, and if any instrument is damaged or damaged, it costs a lot to respond to these.
Advantages:
But the benefits of these are not less, e.g. It is possible and safe to pass electricity above the average rate of 8 kilovolts if you see a line fault somewhere. However, it is easy to diagnose. Moreover, the cost of making or installing them is comparatively less.
Underground transmission line:
This type of transmission line refers to the lines passed under the ground. However, the line can be very dangerous to pass under the bed. Therefore, overhead has been given more importance in Bangladesh for the time being. Some of the advantages and disadvantages of such an underground transmission line are-
Difficulty:
It costs a lot to make them or place them somewhere. In other words, Egdol is very expensive. Moreover, the wires used in this process are not as simple as the other ten wires. There are several coatings on this type of skin. However, it can be passed at a much lower cost. Another major problem is that its maximum line voltage limit is 8 kilovolts. In other words, giving electricity to it can lead to dangerous situations. Again, if there is a problem in this line, the condition becomes almost kerosene to diagnose it.
Advantages:
It is arranged purely. In other words, the cable is not seen hanging on the road. Importance is given.
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